BLUE BRAIN –A MILESTONE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Brain the computing component of every living organism has the complex connections between the neurons which cannot be predicted easily. As a contradiction to this, Blue brain project of IBM lead to the detailed study about the functioning of the brain. It is a milestone in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience which can change the future of nanobots and Robots get them to next step. By finishing this project scientist can recover information from a dead man. Intelligence of man can be preserved even after his/her death. A whole brain simulation can be done by this blue brain that is the speciality of the project. Till the date they have been able to simulate the brain of a honey bee and rat, human brain has just thrice the amount of neurons of rats. We are not far away in using a virtual brain of ourselves for our own robots.

HISTORY:

          Blue Brain Project began in July 2005 as a Collaboration between Professor Henry Markram from Mind Institute at EcolePolytechinqueFe`de`rale de Lausanne (EPFL) and International Business Machine (IBM).The Blue Brain Project is an attempt to build a working model of the mammalian brain on the molecular brain, by reverse engineering the brain and recreate all cellular levels inside a computer simulation.

REASON FOR THE NAME OF THE PROJECT:

As the simulation was carried out in IBM’s Blue Gene Super Computer the project is named as the “Blue Brain Project”

MILESTONES OF THE PROJECT:

As of August 2012, using the Blue Gene supercomputers, up to 100 cortical columns, 1 million neurons, and 1 billion synapses can be simulated at once. This is roughly equivalent to the brain power of a honey bee. It is hoped that a rat brain neocortical simulation (~21 million neurons) will be achieved by the end of 2014.Humans, by contrast, have about 2 million columns in their cortices. Despite the sheer complexity of such an endeavour, it is predicted that the project will be capable of this by the year 2023.
COMPARISON BETWEEN HUMAN AND SIMULATED BRAIN:

NATURAL BRAIN	SIMULATED BRAIN(BLUE BRAIN)
INPUT In the nervous system in our  body the neurons are responsible for the message passing. The body receives the input by sensory cells. This sensory cell produces electric impulses which are received by neurons. The neurons transfer these electric impulses to the brain.	INPUT In a similar way the artificial nervous system can be created. The scientist has created artificial neurons by replacing them with the silicon chip. It has also been tested that these neurons can receive the input from the sensory cells. So, the electric impulses from the sensory cells can be received through these artificial neurons.
INTERPRETATION The electric impulses received by the brain from neurons are interpreted in the brain. The   interpretation in the brain is accomplished by means of certain states of many neurons.	INTERPRETATION The interpretation of the electric impulses received by the artificial neuron can be done by means of registers. The different values in these register will represent different states of brain.
OUTPUT Based on the states of the neurons the brain sends the electric impulses representing the responses which are further received by sensory cell of our body to respond neurons in the brain at that time.	OUTPUT Similarly based on the states of the register the output signal can be given to the artificial neurons in the body which will be received by the sensory cell.
MEMORY There are certain neurons in our brain which represent certain states permanently. When required, this state is represented by our brain and we can remember the past things. To remember things we force the neurons to represent certain states of the brain permanently or for any interesting or serious matter this is happened implicitly.	MEMORY It is not impossible to store the data permanently by using the secondary memory. In the similar way the required states of the registers can be stored permanently and when required these information can be received and used.
PROCESSING When we take decision, think about something, or make any computation, logical and arithmetic computations are done in our neural circuitry. The past experience stored and the current inputs received are used and the states of certain neurons are changed to give the output.	PROCESSING In the similar way the decision making can be done by the computer by using some stored states and the received input and the performing some arithmetic and logical calculations.

TOOLS USED FOR SIMULATION:

·       NEURON PACKAGE
·       NEURON CELL BUILDER
·       BBP- SDK (BLUE BRAIN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT KIT):
·       RT NEURON
·       BLUE GENE SUPER COMPUTER
·       JUQUEEN
·       DEEP ( DYNAMICALLY EXASCALE ENTRY PLATFORM)
·       SILICON GRAPHICS

APPLICATIONS OF BLUE BRAIN PROJECT:

·       Gathering and Testing 100 Years of Data.

·       Cracking the Neural Code

·       Understanding Neocortical Information Processing

·       A Novel Tool for Drug Discovery for Brain Disorders

·       A Global Facility

·       A Foundation for Whole Brain Simulations

·       A Foundation for Molecular Modelling of Brain Function

·       The intelligence is lost along with the body after the death. The virtual brain is a solution to it. The brain and intelligence will be alive even after the death. We often face difficulties in remembering things such as people names, their birthdays, and the spellings of words, proper grammar, important dates, history facts, and etcetera. In the busy life everyone wants to be relaxed.