Brain
the computing component of every living organism has the complex connections
between the neurons which cannot be predicted easily. As a contradiction to
this, Blue brain project of IBM lead to the detailed study about the
functioning of the brain. It is a milestone in Artificial Intelligence and
Neuroscience which can change the future of nanobots and Robots get them to
next step. By finishing this project scientist can recover information from a
dead man. Intelligence of man can be preserved even after his/her death. A
whole brain simulation can be done by this blue brain that is the speciality of
the project. Till the date they have been able to simulate the brain of a honey
bee and rat, human brain has just thrice the amount of neurons of rats. We are
not far away in using a virtual brain of ourselves for our own robots.
HISTORY:
Blue Brain Project began in July 2005
as a Collaboration between Professor Henry Markram from Mind Institute at
EcolePolytechinqueFe`de`rale de Lausanne (EPFL) and International Business
Machine (IBM).The Blue Brain Project is an attempt to build a working
model of the mammalian brain on the molecular brain, by reverse engineering the
brain and recreate all cellular levels inside a computer simulation.
REASON
FOR THE NAME OF THE PROJECT:
As the simulation was
carried out in IBM’s Blue Gene Super Computer the project is named as
the “Blue Brain Project”
MILESTONES
OF THE PROJECT:
As
of August 2012, using the Blue Gene supercomputers, up to 100 cortical columns,
1 million neurons, and 1 billion synapses can be simulated at once. This is
roughly equivalent to the brain power of a honey bee. It is hoped that a rat
brain neocortical simulation (~21 million neurons) will be achieved by the end
of 2014.Humans, by contrast, have about 2 million columns in their cortices.
Despite the sheer complexity of such an endeavour, it is predicted that the
project will be capable of this by the year 2023.
COMPARISON BETWEEN HUMAN AND SIMULATED BRAIN:
NATURAL
BRAIN
|
SIMULATED
BRAIN(BLUE BRAIN)
|
INPUT
In the
nervous system in our body the neurons
are responsible for the message passing. The body receives the input by
sensory cells. This sensory cell produces electric impulses which are
received by neurons. The neurons transfer these electric impulses to the
brain.
|
INPUT
In a
similar way the artificial nervous system can be created. The scientist has
created artificial neurons by replacing them with the silicon chip. It has
also been tested that these neurons can receive the input from the sensory
cells. So, the electric impulses from the sensory cells can be received
through these artificial neurons.
|
INTERPRETATION
The
electric impulses received by the brain from neurons are interpreted in the
brain. The interpretation in the
brain is accomplished by means of certain states of many neurons.
|
INTERPRETATION
The
interpretation of the electric impulses received by the artificial neuron can
be done by means of registers. The different values in these register will
represent different states of brain.
|
OUTPUT
Based
on the states of the neurons the brain sends the electric impulses
representing the responses which are further received by sensory cell of our
body to respond neurons in the brain at that time.
|
OUTPUT
Similarly
based on the states of the register the output signal can be given to the
artificial neurons in the body which will be received by the sensory cell.
|
MEMORY
There are certain
neurons in our brain which represent certain states permanently. When
required, this state is represented by our brain and we can remember the past
things. To remember things we force the neurons to represent certain states
of the brain permanently or for any interesting or serious matter this is
happened implicitly.
|
MEMORY
It
is not impossible to store the data permanently by using the secondary
memory. In the similar way the
required
states of the registers can be stored permanently and when required these
information can be received and used.
|
PROCESSING
When we
take decision, think about something, or make any computation, logical and
arithmetic computations are done in our neural circuitry. The past experience
stored and the current inputs received are used and the states of certain
neurons are changed to give the output.
|
PROCESSING
In the
similar way the decision making can be done by the computer by using some
stored states and the received input and the performing some arithmetic and
logical calculations.
|
TOOLS USED FOR SIMULATION:
·
NEURON
PACKAGE
·
NEURON
CELL BUILDER
·
BBP-
SDK (BLUE BRAIN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT KIT):
·
RT
NEURON
·
BLUE
GENE SUPER COMPUTER
·
JUQUEEN
·
DEEP
( DYNAMICALLY EXASCALE ENTRY PLATFORM)
· SILICON GRAPHICS
APPLICATIONS OF BLUE BRAIN PROJECT:
·
Gathering
and Testing 100 Years of Data.
·
Cracking
the Neural Code
·
Understanding
Neocortical Information Processing
·
A
Novel Tool for Drug Discovery for Brain Disorders
·
A
Global Facility
·
A
Foundation for Whole Brain Simulations
·
A
Foundation for Molecular Modelling of Brain Function
·
The
intelligence is lost along with the body after the death. The virtual brain is
a solution to it. The brain and intelligence will be alive even after the
death. We often face difficulties in remembering things such as people names,
their birthdays, and the spellings of words, proper grammar, important dates,
history facts, and etcetera. In the busy life everyone wants to be relaxed.
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